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As we delve into the world of minerals, we come across a variety of classifications that help us understand their properties and uses. One such classification is based on their metallic or non-metallic nature. In this post, we will explore the characteristics that make a mineral non-metallic.
Firstly, non-metallic minerals lack the properties of malleability and ductility that are characteristic of metallic minerals. This means that they cannot be easily shaped or stretched into wires or sheets. Examples of non-metallic minerals include quartz, feldspar, mica, and talc.
Secondly, non-metallic minerals have a lower density compared to metallic minerals. This means that they are generally lighter in weight and occupy more volume. For instance, graphite, a non-metallic mineral, has a density of 2.2 grams per cubic centimeter, while iron, a metallic mineral, has a density of 7.8 grams per cubic centimeter.
Thirdly, non-metallic minerals have a lower melting point and boiling point compared to metallic minerals. This means that they can be easily melted or vaporized at lower temperatures. For example, sulfur, a non-metallic mineral, has a melting point of 115 degrees Celsius, while copper, a metallic mineral, has a melting point of 1,085 degrees Celsius.
Fourthly, non-metallic minerals are poor conductors of heat and electricity. This means that they do not allow the flow of heat or electricity through them easily. Examples of non-metallic minerals that exhibit poor conductivity include sulfur, diamond, and graphite.
Lastly, non-metallic minerals are often used in industries such as ceramics, glass, and construction. They are also used in the production of fertilizers, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. For instance, talc is used in the production of cosmetics, while feldspar is used in the production of ceramics.
In conclusion, the characteristics that make a mineral non-metallic include the lack of malleability and ductility, lower density, lower melting and boiling points, poor conductivity, and their use in various industries. Understanding these characteristics is crucial in identifying and utilizing non-metallic minerals effectively.
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